|
| manufacturer = Dornier Satellitensysteme, Carl Zeiss AG, Media Lario, MMS Bristol, BPD Difesa e Spazio, Fokker Space BV〔 | launch_mass = 〔 | dry_mass = | dimensions = Length: 〔 Span: 〔 | power = 1,600 watts〔 | launch_date = UTC〔 | launch_rocket = Ariane 5G #504〔 | launch_site = ELA-3, Guiana Space Centre〔 | launch_contractor = Arianespace | entered_service = 1 July 2000〔 | disposal_type = | deactivated = | destroyed = | last_contact = | decay_date = | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_semimajor = | orbit_eccentricity = 0.7881804〔 | orbit_periapsis = 〔 | orbit_apoapsis = 〔 | orbit_inclination = 65.81 degrees〔 | orbit_period = 2861.82 minutes〔 | orbit_RAAN = 47.81 degrees〔 | orbit_arg_periapsis = 93.28 degrees〔 | orbit_mean_anomaly = 0.50 degrees〔 | orbit_mean_motion = 0.50〔 | orbit_repeat = 47:51:49.06〔 | orbit_epoch = 22 January 2015, 22:43:54 UTC〔 | orbit_rev_number = 1,649〔 | apsis = gee | telescope_type = 3 × Wolter type-1〔 | telescope_diameter = Outer mirror: 〔 Inner mirror: 〔 | telescope_focal_length= 〔 | telescope_area = at 1.5 KeV〔 at 8 KeV〔 | telescope_wavelength = 1 to 120 Ångstroms〔 | telescope_resolution = 5 to 14 arcseconds〔 | instruments = European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC) Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) Optical Monitor (OM) }} The XMM-Newton, also known as the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission and the High Throughput X-ray Spectroscopy Mission, is an orbiting X-ray observatory launched by ESA in December 1999 on an Ariane 5 rocket. It is named in honor of Sir Isaac Newton. The telescope was placed in a very eccentric 48 hour elliptical orbit at 40°; at its apogee it is nearly from Earth, while the perigee is only . ==Concept and mission== The observational scope of XMM-Newton includes the detection of X-ray emissions from Solar System objects, detailed studies of star-forming regions, investigation of the formation and evolution of galaxy clusters, the environment of supermassive black holes and the mapping of the mysterious dark matter. The mission was proposed in 1984 and approved in 1985; a project team was formed in 1993 and development work began in 1996. The satellite was constructed and tested from March 1997 to September 1999. Launched in Dec 1999, in-orbit commissioning started Jan 2000, and the first images were published in February 2000. The original mission lifetime was two years, but it was extended for further observations. Its most recent extension was to 31 December 2016. Technically, the observatory could operate until beyond 2018. Observations are managed and archived at the European Space Astronomy Centre (formerly known as VILSPA) at Villafranca, Spain. Until March 2012 the scientific data placed into the archive and distributed to observers were processed by the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre led by the University of Leicester, England. After this date, responsibility for data processing transferred to the Science Operations Centre at ESAC. The European satellite XMM-Newton, built under contract to ESA by a consortium of 35 European companies with Astrium as prime contractor, by far excels its predecessor, the Astrium-built ROSAT satellite. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「XMM-Newton」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|